20.6 who: Print who is currently logged in
who prints information about users who are currently logged on.
Synopsis:
who [option] [file] [am i]
If given no non-option arguments, who prints the following
information for each user currently logged on: login name, terminal
line, login time, and remote hostname or X display.
If given one non-option argument, who uses that instead of
a default system-maintained file (often /var/run/utmp or
/etc/utmp) as the name of the file containing the record of
users logged on. /var/log/wtmp is commonly given as an argument
to who to look at who has previously logged on.
If given two non-option arguments, who prints only the entry
for the user running it (determined from its standard input), preceded
by the hostname. Traditionally, the two arguments given are ‘am
i’, as in ‘who am i’.
Time stamps are listed according to the time zone rules specified by
the TZ environment variable, or by the system default rules if
TZ is not set. See Specifying the Time Zone with TZ.
The program accepts the following options. Also see Common options.
- ‘-a’
- ‘--all’
- Same as ‘-b -d --login -p -r -t -T -u’.
- ‘-b’
- ‘--boot’
- Print the date and time of last system boot.
- ‘-d’
- ‘--dead’
- Print information corresponding to dead processes.
- ‘-H’
- ‘--heading’
- Print a line of column headings.
- ‘-l’
- ‘--login’
- List only the entries that correspond to processes via which the
system is waiting for a user to login. The user name is always ‘LOGIN’.
- ‘--lookup’
- Attempt to canonicalize hostnames found in utmp through a DNS lookup. This
is not the default because it can cause significant delays on systems with
automatic dial-up internet access.
- ‘-m’
- Same as ‘who am i’.
- ‘-p’
- ‘--process’
- List active processes spawned by init.
- ‘-q’
- ‘--count’
- Print only the login names and the number of users logged on.
Overrides all other options.
- ‘-r’
- ‘--runlevel’
- Print the current (and maybe previous) run-level of the init process.
- ‘-s’
- Ignored; for compatibility with other versions of who.
- ‘-t’
- ‘--time’
- Print last system clock change.
- ‘-u’
- After the login time, print the number of hours and minutes that the
user has been idle. ‘.’ means the user was active in the last minute.
‘old’ means the user has been idle for more than 24 hours.
- ‘-w’
- ‘-T’
- ‘--mesg’
- ‘--message’
- ‘--writable’
- After each login name print a character indicating the user's message status:
‘+’ allowing write
messages
‘-’ disallowing write
messages
‘?’ cannot find terminal device
An exit status of zero indicates success,
and a nonzero value indicates failure.